What is the function of GFCI protection for receptacles near water sources?

The function of Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) protection for receptacles located near water sources is primarily to prevent electrical shock. GFCI devices are designed to quickly disconnect the electrical supply if they detect an imbalance between the incoming and outgoing current. This is crucial in areas such as kitchens, bathrooms, or outdoor spaces where water is present because it significantly increases the risk of electric shock. Water is a good conductor of electricity, and when a person comes in contact with both water and an electrical source, the risk of severe injury or fatality can be high. Therefore, GFCI protection acts as a safety mechanism, ensuring that in the event of a ground fault, which could occur if someone touches an electrically charged surface while in contact with water, the circuit is interrupted immediately to minimize harm.

This focus on shock prevention distinguishes it from other options that relate to reducing electrical interference, enhancing power quality, or increasing circuit capacity, which are not the primary concerns addressed by GFCI devices.